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Structure and Organisation of SinR, the Master Regulator of Biofilm Formation in Bacillus subtilis

機譯:SinR的結(jié)構(gòu)和組織,枯草芽孢桿菌生物膜形成的主要調(diào)控者

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摘要

sinR encodes a tetrameric repressor of genes required for biofilm formation in Bacillus subtilis. sinI, which is transcribed under Spo0A control, encodes a dimeric protein that binds to SinR to form a SinR–SinI heterodimer in which the DNA-binding functions of SinR are abrogated and repression of biofilm genes is relieved. The heterodimer-forming surface comprises residues conserved between SinR and SinI. Each forms a pair of α-helices that hook together to form an intermolecular four-helix bundle. Here, we are interested in the assembly of the SinR tetramer and its binding to DNA. Size-exclusion chromatography with multi-angle laser light scattering and crystallographic analysis reveal that a DNA-binding fragment of SinR (residues 1–69) is a monomer, while a SinI-binding fragment (residues 74–111) is a tetramer arranged as a dimer of dimers. The SinR(74–111) chain forms two α-helices with the organisation of the dimer similar to that observed in the SinR–SinI complex. The tetramer is formed through interactions of residues at the C-termini of the four chains. A model of the intact SinR tetramer in which the DNA binding domains surround the tetramerisation core was built. Fluorescence anisotropy and surface plasmon resonance experiments showed that SinR binds to an oligonucleotide duplex, 5′-TTTGTTCTCTAAAGAGAACTTA-3′, containing a pair of SinR consensus sequences in inverted orientation with a Kd of 300 nM. The implications of these data for promoter binding and the curious quaternary structural transitions of SinR upon binding to (i) SinI and (ii) the SinR-like protein SlrR, which “repurposes” SinR as a repressor of autolysin and motility genes, are discussed.
機譯:sinR編碼枯草芽孢桿菌生物膜形成所需基因的四聚體阻遏物。在Spo0A控制下轉(zhuǎn)錄的sinI編碼與SinR結(jié)合的二聚體蛋白,形成SinR–SinI異二聚體,其中SinR的DNA結(jié)合功能被廢除,生物膜基因的抑制得到緩解。形成異二聚體的表面包含在SinR和SinI之間保守的殘基。每個形成一對鉤在一起的α螺旋,形成分子間的四螺旋束。在這里,我們對SinR四聚體的組裝及其與DNA的結(jié)合感興趣。用多角度激光散射和晶體學(xué)分析的大小排阻色譜表明,SinR的DNA結(jié)合片段(殘基1–69)是單體,而SinI的結(jié)合片段(殘基74–111)是四聚體,排列如下:二聚體。 SinR(74–111)鏈形成兩個α-螺旋,其二聚體的結(jié)構(gòu)類似于在SinR-SinI復(fù)合物中觀察到的結(jié)構(gòu)。四聚體是通過四鏈C-末端殘基的相互作用形成的。建立完整的SinR四聚體模型,其中DNA結(jié)合結(jié)構(gòu)域圍繞四聚體核心。熒光各向異性和表面等離振子共振實驗表明,SinR與寡核苷酸雙鏈體5'-TTTGTTCTCTAAAAAAGAGAACTTA-3'結(jié)合,該寡核苷酸雙鏈體具有一對反向排列的SinR共有序列,Kd為300 nM。討論了這些數(shù)據(jù)對啟動子結(jié)合和與(i)SinI和(ii)SinR樣蛋白SlrR結(jié)合后SinR好奇的四級結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)變的影響,SinR像這樣將SinR“重新用作”自溶素和運動基因的阻遏物。 。

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